Levels of Cultural Competency

“Cultural knowledge” means that we know about some cultural characteristics, history, values, beliefs, and behaviours of another ethnic or cultural group.

“Cultural awareness” is the next stage of understanding other groups — being open to the idea of changing cultural attitudes.

“Cultural sensitivity” is knowing that differences exist between cultures, but not assigning values to the differences (better or worse, right or wrong). Clashes on this point can easily occur, especially if a custom or belief in question goes against the idea of multiculturalism. Internal conflict (intrapersonal, interpersonal, and organizational) is likely to occur at times over this issue. Conflict won’t always be easy to manage, but it can be made easier if everyone is mindful of the organizational goals.

“Cultural competence” brings together the previous stages — and adds operational effectiveness. A culturally competent organization has the capacity to bring into its system many different behaviours, attitudes, and policies and work effectively in cross-cultural settings to produce better outcomes.